杭师大准小学数学教师数学学科知识包掌握现状研究文献综述
摘要：学科知识在教师专业知识中具有重要地位，是教师专业素养中的重要构成，熟练掌握学科知识是教师教育中的重要内容。数学教师学科知识是数学教师所具有的特定的数学学科的知识，包括教师对数学概念的把握、本质的理解，及其数学知识之间关系的认识。目前，国内外对小学数学教师学科知识的研究主要集中在小学数学教师的学科知识的掌握情况是否能够满足教学的需要，存在哪些优势与不足，并分析影响小学数学教师学科知识掌握的因素。新手教师由于缺乏足够的学科知识和完整的课堂“图式”，以致教学目标含糊，课堂结构零碎，概念之间彼此孤立，前后解释缺乏紧密的联系，使得课堂教学效果不佳。因此，教师应对学科知识中进行深入的学习和研究。
Abstract：
Subject knowledge plays an important role in Teachers professional knowledge.Its an important component of teachers professional accomplishment. Mastering the subject knowledge is an important part of teachers education. Mathematics teachers subject knowledge is the mathematics knowledge that mathematics teacher has, including teachers grasp of mathematics concept, essence understanding, and the understanding of mathematics knowledge. At present, domestic and foreign research on the subject knowledge of primary school mathematics teachers are mainly concentrated in the primary school mathematics teachers subject knowledge is able to meet the needs of teaching, what are the advantages and disadvantages, and analyzes the influencing factors of primary school mathematics teachers subject knowledge. Novice teachers due to lack of sufficient knowledge and complete classroom 'schemata', so that the teaching goal ambiguity, classroom structure system, the concept of each other before and after isolation, explain the lack of close contact, make the classroom teaching effect. Therefore, teachers should study and study the subject knowledge deeply.
关键词：小学数学教师；学科知识；教学
Key word:Primary school mathematics teacher Subject knowledge Teaching
一、文献综述
一、教师学科知识对教学的重要性
自学校产生之日起，人们就形成一条共识，即只有拥有知识的人才能当教师。正如杜威(Deway，J．)所说：“教师怎样能够做理智的领导者呢?这是一个重要的实际问题。第一个条件，他要有充分而盈溢的知识。教师需要充盈的知识，有许多理由，由于过于显明，无须再说。而其中心的理由，或许还没有得到一般承认的理由是：教师在教课的时候，必须有余裕从事儿童心智反应的观察。”教师对学生的教育以课堂行为为主，在教学中教师学科知识的纰漏或理解偏差，都会影响学生的学习，这对学生将来的数学学习是十分不利的。
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