文献综述
摘要随着经济的发展，人们生活水平的提高，污水的产生量也在增加。
近年来，城镇现代化和工业发展迅速，如何防治水污染仍是我国的一项重要的课题，对城镇污水进行妥善收集、处理和排放是减轻或防止水体污染的十分重要的一项对策。
然而，目前一些经济欠发达地区仍缺乏集中的污水处理设施，污水中氮磷不能得到有效去除，对环境造成潜在威胁。
本文首先归纳了我国污水处理厂的处理现状，紧接着对污水厂常见的污水脱氮除磷处理工艺进行了分析。
最后分析了污水厂的工艺案例，为推动污水处理厂建设，改善水环境具有重要意义。
关键词：污水处理厂 脱氮除磷 水污染Wastewater treatment project design for a small city in northern JiangsuAbstractWith the development of economy and the improvement of peoples living standard, the amount of sewage generated is also increasing. In recent years, the rapid development of urban modernization and industry, water pollution is still an important issue in China, the proper collection, treatment and discharge of urban sewage is a very important countermeasure to reduce or prevent water pollution. However, some economically less developed areas still lack centralized wastewater treatment facilities, and nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater cannot be effectively removed, posing a potential threat to the environment. This paper first summarizes the status of treatment in Chinas wastewater treatment plants, followed by an analysis of the common wastewater denitrification and phosphorus removal treatment processes in wastewater plants. Finally, the process cases of wastewater plants are analyzed, which is of great significance to promote the construction of wastewater treatment plants and improve the water environment. Keywords: wastewater treatment plant, nitrogen removal and phosphorus removal, water pollution1.引言城镇污水是造成水体污染的重要污染源，而城镇污水处理厂在这一过程中扮演了重要的角色。
全面做好城镇污水处理工作，仍需要在科学设计污水处理厂房、加强污水处理成本控制、健全污水处理体制等方面加强改进力[1]。
目前，我国污水处理面临污水处理率低，很多老城区的排水管网配套跟不上等问题，导致了水环境的持续恶化，制约了我国经济与社会的发展。
因此，近年来很多城市大规模兴建城镇污水处理厂，城镇污水主要包含生活污水及工业废水组成，其主要含有有有机物和重金属污染，而且氮磷污染日益严重[2]。
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